INDUSTRIALIZAÇÃO E A MUDANÇA NO CONTEÚDO DE INSUMOS DAS EXPORTAÇÕES BRASILEIRAS

Abstract

This paper analyses the Brazilian manufactures export and its productivity and competitiveness in the international market. The work quantifies the content of inputs, such as physical capital, natural resources, human capital and knowledge, in those products whose rate of export increase was significative in the last decades. Factor intensities were calculated in each sector using input-output analysis and the data from input-output tables for Brazil. The results show an expressive change in Brazilian exports. In the period 1970-1990, for instance, the share of capital-intensive goods tripled in Brazil's total exports. The paper comes to the conclusion that the increasing share of Brazilian manufactures in the world trade doesn't seem to be only result of inducements and external demand growth, but also result of dynamic gains of the industrialization. Investments in human capital and technological improvement seem to be essential to the develo- pment of comparative advantages in the future.